ET0014_13Mar18 V 1.6 Epo-Tbi_Nni Picf (Lar).en-SG_zh-SG.L1-T1

```json
{
  "combined_segments": [
    {
      "s": "You are a person responsible for a patient who has a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Singapore law allows the patient's spouse, parent, guardian or legal representative to consent to the patient taking part in medical research where the patient is unable to provide consent for himself/herself. Accordingly, we are asking for you to consent to the participation of your relative or near friend (the patient) in a research project that is testing a new treatment for TBI.",
      "t": "您是一位中度或重度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者的负责人。新加坡法律允许患者的配偶、父母、监护人或合法代表在患者无法自行表达同意的情况下同意让患者参加医学研究。因此，我们要求您同意您的亲友（患者）参加一项试验 TBI 新疗法的研究项目。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined for logical flow - legal context followed by specific request, forming a coherent thought unit",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "The new treatment is a medication called erythropoietin. This Patient Information and Consent Form (Legally Acceptable Representative) tells you about the research project. It explains the tests and treatments involved.",
      "t": "这种新疗法是一种称为\"促红细胞生成素\"的药物。本《患者信息及同意书（合法代表）》将告诉您有关该研究项目的情况。它阐述了所涉及的试验和治疗。",
      "c": 0.92,
      "m": "Combined as they form a cohesive introduction to the treatment and document purpose",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "Knowing what is involved will help you decide if the patient should take part in the research. Please read this information carefully. Ask questions about anything that you don't understand or want to know more about.",
      "t": "了解所涉及的内容将帮助您决定患者是否应参加研究。请仔细阅读本信息文件。如果您有不明白的地方或想要了解更多详情，请尽管提问。",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they form a coherent instruction set for the reader",
      "sl": 13,
      "tl": 13
    },
    {
      "s": "Before deciding whether or not the patient should take part, you might want to talk about it with a relative, friend or your local doctor. Participation in this research is voluntary. If you don't wish for the patient to take part, they don't have to.",
      "t": "在决定患者是否应参加之前，您可能想要与亲属、朋友或您当地的医生讨论。本研究为自愿参加。如果您不希望患者参加，则患者不必参加。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they form a complete thought about decision-making process and voluntary nature",
      "sl": 14,
      "tl": 14
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will receive the best possible care whether they take part or not. If you decide that you want the patient to take part in the research project, you will be asked to sign the consent section.",
      "t": "不论患者是否参加，都将获得最佳的护理。如果您决定让患者参加本研究项目，您将需要签署同意书部分。",
      "c": 0.91,
      "m": "Combined as they contrast care quality with consent requirement",
      "sl": 15,
      "tl": 15
    },
    {
      "s": "By signing it you are telling us that you: understand what you have read; consent to the patient taking part in the research project; consent to the patient having the tests and treatments that are described; consent to the use of the patient's personal and health information as described.",
      "t": "签署同意书即表示您：理解您所阅读的内容；同意患者参加本研究项目；同意患者接受所描述的测试和治疗；同意让有关方面依据本文件所述的方式使用患者的个人和健康资料。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as a single legal declaration with multiple components",
      "sl": 16,
      "tl": 16
    },
    {
      "s": "You will be given a copy of this Patient Information and Consent Form (Legally Acceptable Representative) to keep. What is the purpose of this research?",
      "t": "您将接获一份本《患者信息及同意书（合法代表）》的副本，以供保存。本研究的目的是什么？",
      "c": 0.89,
      "m": "Combined as transitional sentence leading to new section",
      "sl": 21,
      "tl": 21
    },
    {
      "s": "Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is usually caused by a blow to the head such as in a car accident or in a fall. Many people who have a TBI do not survive or, if they do, suffer from long-term disability.",
      "t": "创伤性脑损伤（TBI）通常由头部受击（例如在交通事故或跌倒时）引起。许多遭受 TBI 的人无法存活，即便幸存下来，也会导致长期残疾。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe causes and consequences of TBI",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "Previous studies have shown that about 1,000 people in and suffer a moderate or severe TBI every year. With current best available treatment and therapies many of these patients have loss of brain function.",
      "t": "以往的研究表明，澳洲和纽西兰每年约有 1,000人 罹患中度或重度 TBI。即使采用目前最好的治疗和疗法，许多此类患者仍会丧失脑功能。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they provide epidemiological context and current treatment limitations",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "This can result in varying degrees of long term disability. When a patient sustains a traumatic brain injury there are two stages to the injury.",
      "t": "这可能导致不同程度的长期残疾。当患者遭受创伤性脑损伤时，损伤会经历两个阶段。",
      "c": 0.92,
      "m": "Combined as transitional sentences connecting consequences to injury stages",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "The initial impact to the head causes immediate damage to the brain. The second stage is the secondary injury phase, and it can evolve over hours or weeks.",
      "t": "最初的头部撞击会造成脑部立即受损。第二阶段为继发性损伤阶段，可能在数小时或数周内发生。",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they describe the two injury phases",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "This stage can cause more damage to the brain. The treatment of brain injury focuses on trying to minimize the secondary injury and there is much research being done to try to find treatments that will prevent it.",
      "t": "此阶段可能造成脑部进一步受损。脑损伤的治疗侧重于试图尽可能地减少继发性损伤，大量正在进行的研究都希望找到预防继发性损伤的疗法。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe secondary damage and current research focus",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "Erythropoietin (EPO) has recently been recognised as a drug that may offer some protection to the brain injured by trauma and help reduce the effects of secondary injury. The aim of this study is to determine if EPO reduces secondary brain injury and helps patients make a better recovery after traumatic brain injury.",
      "t": "促红细胞生成素（EPO）最近被确认为一种可能给受创伤的脑部提供某种保护的药物，并有助于减少继发性损伤的影响。本研究旨在确定 EPO 是否能够减少继发性脑损伤并帮助患者在遭受创伤性脑损伤之后更好地康复。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they connect EPO properties to study objectives",
      "sl": 25,
      "tl": 25
    },
    {
      "s": "We also plan to monitor the effect of EPO on the rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT - blood clots in the large veins, usually in the legs) in patients with moderate or severe TBI in the intensive care unit (ICU). EPO has been approved for use for other purposes in for some years.",
      "t": "我们还计划监测 EPO 对于入住重症监护病房（ICU）的中度或重度 TBI 患者深静脉血栓形成（DVT - 大静脉中的血凝块，常见于腿部）发生率的影响。EPO 在澳洲获准用于其他用途已有若干年，",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they describe secondary study objective and EPO's existing approvals",
      "sl": 26,
      "tl": 26
    },
    {
      "s": "It is used for the treatment of anaemia (low blood count) in patients who are on kidney dialysis for a long time, patients who have had a major operation and patients on treatment for cancer. However, it is not approved for use in TBI patients.",
      "t": "它被用于治疗长期接受洗肾、动过大手术及接受癌症治疗的患者的贫血症（血细胞计数低）。不过，它尚未获准用于 TBI 患者。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they detail approved uses and current limitation for TBI",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "Therefore, EPO is an experimental treatment for TBI which means that it must be tested to see if it is an effective treatment for moderate or severe TBI. A large study of ICU patients found that EPO helped trauma patients to survive their injuries.",
      "t": "因此，EPO 是 TBI 的一种实验性疗法，这意味着必须通过试验来了解它是否能够有效治疗中度或重度 TBI。一项针对 ICU 患者的大型研究发现，EPO有助于创伤患者从其损伤中存活下来。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they connect experimental status to previous research findings",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "It was noted that patients who got high dose EPO had a greater chance of developing a blood clot. However, other studies show that the risk of getting a blood clot can be reduced if EPO is given to patients with a blood count at the low end of normal and a dose of 40,000 units or lower.",
      "t": "值得注意的是，接获大剂量 EPO 的患者出现血凝块的几率较高。然而其他研究表明，如果患者的血细胞计数为正常值的下限并且 EPO 的给药剂量为 40,000 个单位或更低，则可以降低出现血凝块的风险。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they present risk information and mitigation strategies",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "This information has been included in the design of EPO-TBI study. This study is a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.",
      "t": "此信息已纳入 EPO-TBI 研究的设计中。本研究为双盲、随机化对照试验。",
      "c": 0.91,
      "m": "Combined as they connect previous information to current study design",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "Patients participating in the trial will receive either EPO (40,000 units) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9% [salty water] that looks like EPO) weekly for up to 3 doses. The study is double-blind because we need to work out whether or not the study drug is effective.",
      "t": "参加试验的患者将接获每周一个剂量的 EPO（40,000 个单位）或安慰剂（0.9% 的氯化钠[盐水]，外观近似 EPO），最长三周。本研究采用双盲法是因为我们需要确定研究药物是否有效。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe treatment regimen and study methodology rationale",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "To do this we need to be able to compare two groups of people by randomly assigning them to receive either the EPO or placebo. Double-blind means that neither you, nor the patient nor the study staff will know what treatment is given to them.",
      "t": "为此，我们需要通过随机指定两组人群分别接受 EPO 或安慰剂，来对其进行对比。双盲意味着，不论是您、患者还是研究人员都不会知道患者将接获什么疗法。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they explain the double-blind methodology",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "A randomised controlled trial means that the study treatment is allocated randomly (by chance, like flipping a coin). A computer will be used to allocate the patient to one of the two treatments so study staff cannot influence or predict this process.",
      "t": "随机化对照试验表示研究疗法将被随机（如同抛硬币般具有偶然性）分配。试验将使用电脑为患者分配两种疗法中的一种，这样研究人员就无法影响或预测此过程。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they explain randomization process and computer allocation",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "This study is funded by the Australian and Victorian Governments and has been designed by investigators from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group (ANZICS CTG). The study is managed by the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC) at .",
      "t": "本研究由澳洲和维多利亚州政府资助，并由来自澳洲和纽西兰重症监护学会临床试验组（ANZICS CTG）的研究员设计。本研究由莫纳什大学的澳洲和纽西兰重症监护研究中心（ANZIC-RC）管理。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe funding and management structure",
      "sl": 30,
      "tl": 30
    },
    {
      "s": "The study will be conducted at hospitals in , New Zealand, , France and and will enrol 606 patients over 3.5 years. In Singapore, we plan to enrol approximately 30 patients at National Neuroscience Institute / Tan Tock Seng Hospital over a period of 3 years.",
      "t": "本研究将在澳洲、纽西兰、新加坡、法国及芬兰的医院展开，并将在三年半期间招募 606 名患者。在新加坡，我们计划在3年的时间里在国立脑神经医学院/ 陈笃生医院招募大约 30 名患者。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe study locations and enrollment targets",
      "sl": 31,
      "tl": 31
    },
    {
      "s": "What does participation in this research involve? The patient is eligible for the study because they have received a moderate or severe traumatic head injury.",
      "t": "参加本研究涉及哪些事项？因为患者受到过中度或重度创伤性头部损伤，所以有资格参加本研究。",
      "c": 0.92,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about eligibility",
      "sl": 32,
      "tl": 32
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is a woman of child bearing potential a blood sample (10 mls or 2 teaspoons) will be collected to see if they are pregnant if this has not already been performed. If you agree for the patient to participate, they will be randomly allocated by a computer to receive a subcutaneous (SC) injection (a small injection under the skin) of either:",
      "t": "如果患者是具有生育能力的女性，则将采集血样（10 毫升或 2 茶匙）来查看其是否怀孕（若尚未接受过检查）。如果您同意患者参加，患者将由电脑随机分配，在脑损伤发生之后的 24 小时内以皮下（SC）注射（将小剂量药液注入皮肤下）的方式接获：",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they describe pregnancy testing and treatment allocation process",
      "sl": 34,
      "tl": 34
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO 40,000 units (1 ml in volume) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9% (salty water)1 ml in volume) within 24 hrs after the brain injury has occurred. Randomization means assigning the patient to one of two groups by chance, like tossing a coin or rolling dice.",
      "t": "EPO 40,000 个单位（1 毫升容量）或安慰剂（0.9% 的氯化钠（盐水）1 毫升容量）随机化意味着患者将被偶然（如同抛硬币或掷骰子般）分配到两组中的一组。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe treatment options and randomization definition",
      "sl": 36,
      "tl": 36
    },
    {
      "s": "The injection is given in the upper arm, thigh or abdomen (tummy). The patient will have a 1 in 2 or 50% chance of receiving EPO. The injection will be given again on days 8 and 15 if the patient stays in the ICU over this time.",
      "t": "注射部位为上臂、大腿或腹部（肚子）。患者将有二分之一或 50% 的几率接获 EPO。如果患者在这段时间住在ICU，注射则将在第 8 天和第 15 天再次进行。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe injection details and schedule",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is discharged to the general ward no further doses will be given. No additional blood samples will be collected specifically for the study.",
      "t": "如果患者已转到普通病房，则无须给予更多剂量。本研究将不会专门采集额外的血样。",
      "c": 0.92,
      "m": "Combined as they describe treatment discontinuation and blood sampling policy",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "Results from blood samples collected as part of routine daily care while the patient is in the ICU will however be recorded. The patient will be closely monitored for blood clots in the legs.",
      "t": "不过在患者入住 ICU 期间，作为日常护理的一部分所采集的血样结果将被记录。研究人员将密切监测患者的腿部是否出现血凝块。",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they describe data collection and monitoring procedures",
      "sl": 42,
      "tl": 41
    },
    {
      "s": "Treatments to prevent blood clots from occurring will be started as soon as possible after ICU admission. Support stockings or compression pads wrapped around the legs will be ordered by the doctor.",
      "t": "住进 ICU 之后将尽快开始预防出现血凝块的治疗。医生会要求使用护腿长袜或裹在腿部的压缩垫。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe preventive measures for blood clots",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "When bleeding after the injury has settled, blood thinning medication will be commenced. These treatments described are part of standard care for TBI patients.",
      "t": "当损伤之后的出血问题解决后，将开始使用血液稀释药物。上述这些治疗都是 TBI 患者标准护理的一部分。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe medication timing and standard care context",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "An ultrasound scan of the upper legs will be done before or at least within 48 hours after the first dose of study drug has been given. The ultrasound will be done twice a week whilst the patient is in the ICU so that if any blood clots develop they will be detected early and treated immediately.",
      "t": "在接获第一剂研究药物之前或在之后的至少 48 小时内，将进行大腿超声波扫描。在患者入住 ICU 期间，一周将进行两次超声波扫描，以便尽早发现和及时治疗出现的血凝块。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe ultrasound schedule and purpose",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "The ultrasound is a test that is done at the bedside where a small flat scanner (like a computer mouse) is placed on the thigh. A sticky gel is used to assist the scanner to see the leg veins on a computer screen.",
      "t": "超声波扫描是将一台小型平板扫描仪（如同电脑鼠标）放在大腿上，在床边进行的一种检查。检查时会使用粘性凝胶，协助扫描者在电脑屏幕上观察腿部静脉。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe the ultrasound procedure details",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will only receive study drug once a week, for up to 3 doses and the scheduled leg ultrasounds (up to 7 scans) while they are in the ICU. To complete the entire schedule will take 21 days.",
      "t": "在患者入住 ICU 期间，一周将只会接获一次研究药物（最多 3 剂）和预定的腿部超声波扫描（最多 7 次）。完成整个研究计划将需要 21 天的时间。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe treatment schedule and duration",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is well enough to be discharged to the ward before 21 days, they may not receive the total schedule of study drug or ultrasounds. The ICU doctor will monitor the patient for any signs of blood clots, which is part of standard care of the TBI patient.",
      "t": "如果患者的健康状况允许其在 21 天之前转到普通病房，则患者便无需接获整个研究计划规定的研究药物或超声波扫描。作为 TBI 患者标准护理的一部分，ICU 医生将监测患者是否有任何血凝块形成的征兆。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe early discharge implications and ongoing monitoring",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "Information about the patient's injury and management during his/her hospital stay will be collected from his/her medical record. Follow up",
      "t": "有关患者在住院期间的损伤和管理的信息，将从其医疗记录中进行收集。跟进",
      "c": 0.91,
      "m": "Combined as they describe data collection and introduce follow-up section",
      "sl": 45,
      "tl": 44
    },
    {
      "s": "A follow up phone interview will be conducted 6 months after the injury by a research member from the hospital to find out how well they have recovered from the brain injury. A discussion may also be held with you and the rehabilitation staff involved with the patient's care to help us assess recovery.",
      "t": "来自医院的研究人员将在损伤之后的 6 个月后对患者进行电话跟进，以便了解患者从脑损伤事故中康复的情况。研究人员还可能与您和参与患者护理的康复工作人员进行讨论，以帮助我们评估康复情况。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe follow-up assessment methods",
      "sl": 47,
      "tl": 46
    },
    {
      "s": "The phone interview will take 30 minutes to complete. Once the patient is entered into the study, your contact details will be released to the research member conducting the interview.",
      "t": "电话访谈需要 30 分钟的时间。一旦患者参加研究，您的联络资料就会被披露给进行访谈的研究人员。",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they describe interview duration and contact information handling",
      "sl": 47,
      "tl": 46
    },
    {
      "s": "You will receive a phone call shortly before 6 months from research staff looking after the patient who will arrange a convenient time for the phone interview. The patient will not be paid for their participation in this research.",
      "t": "护理患者的研究人员将在接近 6 个月时打电话联络您，以便安排合适的时间进行电话访谈。患者不会因参加本研究而获得任何报酬。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe interview scheduling and compensation policy",
      "sl": 48,
      "tl": 47
    },
    {
      "s": "Kidney function monitoring ICU patients with TBI can be at risk of developing kidney damage. Kidney damage increases the risk of brain swelling which may slow recovery of the brain and increase hospital stay.",
      "t": "肾功能监测患有 TBI 的 ICU 患者可能会有出现肾功能损害的风险。肾功能损害会增加脑肿胀的风险，这可能会减缓脑部的康复并延长住院时间。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they introduce kidney monitoring and describe risks",
      "sl": 50,
      "tl": 49
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO has been shown in many experimental studies to protect the kidneys from damage. In addition to the protective effects on the brain, EPO has also been shown to protect the kidneys damaged after an injury.",
      "t": "许多实验性研究表明，EPO 能够保护肾脏免受损害。除了对脑部的保护作用，EPO 还被证实能够在损伤之后保护受损的肾脏。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe EPO's protective effects on kidneys",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will have their kidney function monitored by collecting information about their urine output and blood test results. This is part of standard care in the ICU.",
      "t": "患者的肾功能将通过收集有关尿量和验血结果的信息进行监测。这是 ICU 标准护理的一部分。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe monitoring methods and standard care context",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "What are the possible benefits? The patient may not receive any benefits from this research but possible benefits may include a better recovery and quality of life for future patients with moderate or severe TBI.",
      "t": "可能获得什么益处？患者可能不会从本研究中受益，但对于未来罹患中度或重度 TBI 的患者而言，可能获得的益处则包括更好地康复和更高的生活素质。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about potential benefits",
      "sl": 52,
      "tl": 51
    },
    {
      "s": "What are the possible risks? Medical treatments sometimes cause side effects. The patient may have none, some or all of the effects listed below, and they may be mild, moderate or severe.",
      "t": "可能的风险有哪些？医学治疗有时会引起副作用。患者可能不会出现、也可能会出现下列部分或全部的副作用，而这些副作用可能为轻度、中度或重度。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as question and introduction to risks section",
      "sl": 54,
      "tl": 53
    },
    {
      "s": "The ICU doctors will closely monitor the patient for any side effects. If the patient develops any of these side effects, the doctor will let you know. Many side effects go away shortly after treatment ends.",
      "t": "ICU 的医生将密切监测患者是否出现任何副作用。如果患者出现这些副作用中的任何一种，医生会告诉您。许多副作用在治疗结束后不久就会消失。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe monitoring and side effect duration",
      "sl": 55,
      "tl": 54
    },
    {
      "s": "However, sometimes side effects can be serious, long lasting or permanent. If a severe side effect or reaction occurs, the ICU doctor may need to stop the study drug.",
      "t": "不过，有时副作用可能是严重、持久性或永久性的。如果出现严重的副作用或不良反应，ICU 的医生可能需要停用研究药物。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe serious side effects and management",
      "sl": 56,
      "tl": 55
    },
    {
      "s": "The ICU doctor will discuss the best way of managing any side effects with you and the patient. The side effects of EPO related to the dose given include: a temporary increase in blood pressure that returns to normal when EPO is discontinued, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, headache and flu-like symptoms.",
      "t": "ICU 的医生将与您和患者讨论管理副作用的最佳方式。接获相应剂量 EPO 可能产生的副作用包括：血压暂时升高（停用 EPO 后即可恢复正常）、腹泻、恶心、呕吐、头疼及类似流感的症状。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe side effect management and specific EPO side effects",
      "sl": 56,
      "tl": 55
    },
    {
      "s": "In patients with other conditions these events occurred in less than 5% of patients. This is similar to patients who received placebo. All patients in ICU have an increased risk (approx. 10%) of developing clots in the blood vessels (called thrombosis or embolism).",
      "t": "在患有其他疾病的患者中，这些副作用的发生率低于5%。这个数值与接获安慰剂的患者类似。所有 ICU 的患者出现血管内凝块（称为血栓形成或栓塞）的风险均会增加（大约为 10%），",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they provide incidence rates and general risk context",
      "sl": 57,
      "tl": 56
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO may pose an additional risk for developing clots. A recent study revealed 8.7% of patients receiving EPO developed a clot in the legs compared to 5.8% of patients who received the placebo injection.",
      "t": "而 EPO 可能会造成出现凝块的额外风险。最近的一项研究显示，与接获安慰剂注射的患者相比（5.8％），接获 EPO 的患者中有 8.7％ 出现腿部凝块。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe EPO-specific clot risk and study data",
      "sl": 58,
      "tl": 57
    },
    {
      "s": "Although it is extremely rare, EPO may also cause fits (less than 1%), chronic anaemia (very rare), arterial thrombosis and heart attack. It is for these reasons that frequent ultrasounds of the upper legs have been scheduled so the formation of blood clot can be detected early.",
      "t": "尽管以下情况极为罕见，但 EPO 还有可能引起抽搐（不到 1％）、慢性贫血（非常罕见）、动脉血栓形成及心脏病发作。正是由于这些原因，才安排了频繁的大腿超声波扫描，以便及早发现血凝块的形成。",
      "c": 0.98,
      "m": "Combined as they describe rare side effects and preventive monitoring rationale",
      "sl": 58,
      "tl": 57
    },
    {
      "s": "As part of routine care of the ICU patient, continuous monitoring of the heart rhythm and blood pressure is performed. This allows clinical staff to monitor these heart functions continuously for any changes.",
      "t": "作为 ICU 患者常规护理的一部分，会对心律和血压进行连续监测。这使得临床医护人员能够持续不断地监测这些心脏功能是否出现任何变化。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe standard monitoring procedures",
      "sl": 58,
      "tl": 57
    },
    {
      "s": "Allergic reactions to EPO are rare. They include rash, itching, anaphylactic reaction (allergic shock) and accumulation of fluid around the eyes. Having an injection may cause some discomfort or bruising (0.2% of patients) and should resolve quickly with minimal treatment.",
      "t": "对 EPO 过敏的反应比较罕见，包括皮疹、瘙痒、过敏性反应（过敏性休克）及眼周积液。注射可能会造成某些不适或瘀伤（0.2％ 的患者），应迅速采用最低限度的治疗来予以消除。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe allergic reactions and injection site issues",
      "sl": 59,
      "tl": 58
    },
    {
      "s": "Alternative treatment If you choose not to allow the patient to take part in this study, the alternative is to have what is considered standard care for the patient's condition.",
      "t": "替代疗法如果您选择不让患者参加本研究，另一种选择是考虑采用标准护理来治疗患者的疾病。",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as section header and alternative treatment description",
      "sl": 61,
      "tl": 60
    },
    {
      "s": "The doctor-in-charge will decide on what other drugs and therapies may be available to treat the patient's traumatic brain injury. What is not standard care or experimental in this study?",
      "t": "主治医师将决定哪些其他药物和疗法可用于治疗患者的创伤性脑损伤。本研究中哪些属于非标准护理或具有实验性？",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they describe treatment decisions and introduce next section",
      "sl": 62,
      "tl": 61
    },
    {
      "s": "The administration of the study drug EPO and the ultrasound scans are the only procedures that are non-standard. Every other procedure is current standard of care.",
      "t": "研究药物 EPO 的给药是非标准程序，其他各程序均为目前的标准护理。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they answer the question about non-standard procedures",
      "sl": 64,
      "tl": 63
    },
    {
      "s": "All the procedures performed in this study are the procedures of routine care in National Neuroscience Institute and Tan Tock Seng Hospital. They are not performed solely for the purposes of this study but to ensure that patients receive excellent treatment.",
      "t": "本研究中所执行的全部程序均为国立脑神经医学院和陈笃生医院的常规护理程序，其执行不仅是为了本研究的目的，也是为了确保患者获得最佳的治疗。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe hospital procedures and dual purpose",
      "sl": 65,
      "tl": 64
    },
    {
      "s": "What if the patient is taking placebo instead of EPO? Receiving placebo is the same as not having any additional treatment except for the standard medical care which the patient will continue to receive during the study.",
      "t": "如果患者接获的是安慰剂而不是 EPO，怎么办？接获安慰剂等同于，除标准医疗护理（研究期间患者将继续接受）以外不接受任何额外治疗。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about placebo treatment",
      "sl": 66,
      "tl": 65
    },
    {
      "s": "Costs of participation The patient does not need to pay for the placebo or the EPO study drug or any study related procedures.",
      "t": "参加的费用患者无需为安慰剂或 EPO 研究药物或任何研究相关的程序支付费用。",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as section header and cost information",
      "sl": 68,
      "tl": 67
    },
    {
      "s": "However, any standard medical care will be charged to the patient during the research study. What if new information arises during this research project?",
      "t": "不过，患者需要承担研究期间的标准医疗护理费用。如果在本研究项目期间出现新信息，怎么办？",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they complete cost information and introduce next section",
      "sl": 69,
      "tl": 68
    },
    {
      "s": "During the research project, new information about the risks and benefits of the project may become known to the researchers. If this occurs, you will be told about this new information and the doctor will discuss whether this new information affects the patient.",
      "t": "在研究期间，研究人员可能会获悉与项目的风险和益处有关的新信息。如果出现这种情况，您将获知此类新信息，而且医生将探讨新信息是否会对患者产生影响。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe new information handling process",
      "sl": 71,
      "tl": 70
    },
    {
      "s": "Can the patient have other treatments during this research project? It is important to tell the patient's doctor and the research staff about any treatments or medications they may be taking, including over-the-counter medications, vitamins or herbal remedies, acupuncture or other alternative treatments.",
      "t": "患者是否能在本研究项目期间接受其他的治疗？重要的是，请务必将患者可能正在接受的任何治疗或正在服用的任何药物告知医生和研究人员，包括非处方药物、维生素或草药、针灸或其他替代疗法。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about concurrent treatments",
      "sl": 72,
      "tl": 71
    },
    {
      "s": "You should also tell the doctor about any changes to these during the patient's participation in the research. Does the patient have to take part in this research project?",
      "t": "您还应将上述情况在患者参加研究期间的变化告知医生。患者必须参加此研究项目吗？",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they complete treatment disclosure requirements and introduce next section",
      "sl": 73,
      "tl": 72
    },
    {
      "s": "Participation in any research project is voluntary. If you decide that the patient would not wish to take part in this study, you may request their withdrawal from the study.",
      "t": "任何研究项目均为自愿参加。如果您决定患者不希望参加本研究，您可以要求让患者退出研究。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they answer the question about voluntary participation",
      "sl": 75,
      "tl": 74
    },
    {
      "s": "If you consent and then later change your mind, you can withdraw them from the study at any time. Any decision you make will not affect either you or the patient's relationship with National Neuroscience Institute / .",
      "t": "如果您同意后又改变主意，您仍然可以随时让患者退出研究。您所作出的任何决定都不会影响您或患者与国立脑神经医学院/陈笃生医院的关系。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they describe withdrawal rights and relationship protection",
      "sl": 75,
      "tl": 74
    },
    {
      "s": "Withdrawing from the study will not affect the patient's care in anyway and they will continue to receive the best current treatment and care. If you do decide to withdraw the patient, the researchers would like to keep the information that has been collected so far.",
      "t": "退出研究并不会在任何方面影响患者的护理，而且患者将继续获得目前最佳的治疗和护理。如果您决定让患者退出，研究人员会希望保存截至目前为止所收集的信息。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe care continuity and data retention policy",
      "sl": 76,
      "tl": 75
    },
    {
      "s": "This is to help them make sure that the results of the research can be measured properly. Please tell the researcher if you do not want them to do this. If you decide that you would like the patient to continue to participate in the study the researchers will ensure that they discuss the study with them when they are well enough to understand.",
      "t": "这是为了帮助他们确保研究的结果能够得到正确的测量。如果您不希望研究人员这么做，请告知他们。如果您决定您希望患者继续参加本研究，研究人员将确保在患者的健康状况足以理解认知时与其讨论本研究。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe data retention purpose and patient discussion process",
      "sl": 77,
      "tl": 76
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient can then make a decision about continuing involvement with the study. Could this research project be stopped unexpectedly?",
      "t": "然后患者便可对继续参加本研究作出决定。本研究项目会意外中止吗？",
      "c": 0.93,
      "m": "Combined as they complete patient decision process and introduce next section",
      "sl": 78,
      "tl": 77
    },
    {
      "s": "This research project may be stopped for a variety of reasons including: Unacceptable side effects; The drug/treatment being shown not to be effective; and The drug/treatment being shown to work and not need further testing.",
      "t": "本研究项目可能因各种原因而中止，包括：无法接受的副作用；药物/疗法经证实无效；以及药物/疗法经证实有效而无需进一步试验。",
      "c": 0.98,
      "m": "Combined as question and comprehensive answer about study termination reasons",
      "sl": 80,
      "tl": 79
    },
    {
      "s": "How will I be informed of the results of this research project? Once the project has been completed, a summary of the results will be available from the investigator on request.",
      "t": "我将如何获悉本研究项目的结果？一旦项目完成，研究员即可根据要求提供结果摘要。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about results dissemination",
      "sl": 84,
      "tl": 83
    },
    {
      "s": "What will happen to information about the patient? The information gathered about the patient by the researchers or obtained during the trial from any procedures, will be held by the researchers in strict confidence.",
      "t": "有关患者的信息将如何处理？研究人员所收集或在试验期间从任何程序中所获得的有关患者的信息，将由研究人员以严格保密的方式进行保存。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as question and answer about information handling",
      "sl": 86,
      "tl": 85
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient's trial records without their name attached will be made available to the Coordinating Centre at the ANZIC–RC, at Monash University in Australia. All the people who handle the patient's information will adhere to traditional standards of confidentiality and will also comply with all relevant privacy legislation in your country.",
      "t": "患者的试验记录（不会出现其姓名）将提供给澳洲莫纳什大学 ANZIC–RC 的协调中心。处理患者信息的所有人员均将恪守传统的保密标准，并将遵守您所在国家的所有相关隐私权法令。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe data sharing and confidentiality standards",
      "sl": 87,
      "tl": 86
    },
    {
      "s": "In Australia this is the Privacy Act 1988. The Ethics Committee has obtained assurances from ANZIC-RC that the 'Information Privacy Principles' laid down in the Act will be met, and will oblige the investigator and other hospital staff to meet strict privacy standards.",
      "t": "在澳洲，此为《1988 年隐私权法令》。ANZIC-RC 已向伦理委员会保证，将遵守此法令中所规定的\"信息隐私权原则\"，并将要求研究员及其他的医院工作人员遵守严格的隐私权标准。",
      "c": 0.98,
      "m": "Combined as they describe specific legislation and privacy assurances",
      "sl": 87,
      "tl": 86
    },
    {
      "s": "If the results of the trial are published in a medical journal, as is intended, no reader will be able to identify individual patients. In any publication and/or presentation, information will be provided in such a way that cannot identify the patient, except with your permission.",
      "t": "如果试验的结果在医学期刊中发表（按照预定的意图），读者将无法识别个别的患者身份。在任何出版物和/或讲座中，信息都将以无法识别患者身份的方式提供，除非获得您的许可。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe publication privacy protections",
      "sl": 87,
      "tl": 86
    },
    {
      "s": "No identifying material will be used in any reports of this study. Records for the study will be kept in a secure filing cabinet in a secure office.",
      "t": "任何可识别身份的资料均不会在本研究的任何报告中使用。研究的记录将保存在安全办公室的安全文件柜中。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe report content and record storage",
      "sl": 88,
      "tl": 87
    },
    {
      "s": "A database with study information will be generated and this will be kept in a computer that is password protected. Records relating to the study will be kept for 15 years at this site.",
      "t": "所生成的研究信息数据库将存放在受到密码保护的电脑中。与本研究相关的记录将在此地点保存 15 年。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe database security and retention period",
      "sl": 89,
      "tl": 88
    },
    {
      "s": "It is desirable that the patient's local doctor is advised about participation in this research project. By signing the consent section, you agree to their local doctor being notified about participation in this research project.",
      "t": "最好让患者当地的医生知道患者参加本研究项目之事。签署同意书即表示，您同意让其当地的医生获知患者参加本研究项目之事。",
      "c": 0.96,
      "m": "Combined as they describe physician notification policy",
      "sl": 90,
      "tl": 89
    },
    {
      "s": "Information about participation in this research project may be recorded in the patient's health records. Regulatory Agencies (HSA, FDA, if relevant), Singhealth Centralised Institutional Review Board, NHG Domain-Specific Review Board and Ministry of Health will be granted direct access to the patient's original medical records to check study procedures and data, without making any of his/her information public.",
      "t": "有关参加本研究项目的信息可能会记录在患者的病历中。监管机构（HSA、FDA，如相关）、新加坡保健集团的Centralised Institutional Review Board 、NHG Domain-Specific Review Board 及卫生部将获准直接查阅患者的原始医疗记录，以便检查研究程序和数据，但不会公开其信息。",
      "c": 0.98,
      "m": "Combined as they describe record keeping and regulatory access",
      "sl": 91,
      "tl": 90
    },
    {
      "s": "By signing the Informed Consent Form attached, you are authorizing, on the patient's behalf, such access to his/her study and medical records. How can the patient access their information?",
      "t": "签署所附的《知情同意书》即表示，您代表患者授予上述查阅其研究和医疗记录的权限。患者如何才能查阅其信息？",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "Combined as they complete authorization details and introduce next section",
      "sl": 92,
      "tl": 91
    },
    {
      "s": "In accordance with relevant Australian and/or state privacy and other laws applicable in your country, the patient has the right to access the information collected and stored by the researchers about them. The patient also has the right to request that any information with which they disagree be corrected.",
      "t": "根据相关的澳洲和/或州隐私权法及您所在国家适用的其他法律，患者有权查阅研究人员收集和储存的有关患者的信息。患者也有权要求更正其所不同意的任何信息。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe patient access rights and correction rights",
      "sl": 94,
      "tl": 93
    },
    {
      "s": "Please contact a member of the study team listed in this document if the patient would like to access their information. What happens if the patient is injured as a result of participating in this research project?",
      "t": "如果患者希望查阅自己的信息，请联络本文件中所列出的研究小组成员。如果患者由于参加本研究项目而受伤，怎么办？",
      "c": 0.94,
      "m": "Combined as they provide contact information and introduce next section",
      "sl": 94,
      "tl": 93
    },
    {
      "s": "In the event that the patient suffers an adverse event or a medical accident during this study that arises from their participation in the study, the patient will be offered all full and necessary treatment by National Neuroscience Institute / .",
      "t": "倘若患者因参加本研究而在本研究期间出现不良事件或医疗事故，国立脑神经医学院/陈笃生医院将为患者提供所有全面和必要的治疗。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe injury response and treatment provision",
      "sl": 96,
      "tl": 95
    },
    {
      "s": "The Ethics Committee has approved this study on the basis (amongst others) that the reported risk of such an event is either small or acceptable in terms of the risk the patient faces as a result of their current illness or the benefit that is possible with the new treatment being tested.",
      "t": "伦理委员会已批准本研究，依据是以患者因现有疾病而面临的风险或以试验中的新疗法的可能益处而言，（其中包括）所报告的此类事件之风险很小，或者是可以接受的。",
      "c": 0.98,
      "m": "Combined as they describe ethics committee approval basis",
      "sl": 96,
      "tl": 95
    },
    {
      "s": "No provisions have been made in this trial to offer trial patients who suffer an adverse reaction monetary compensation, but the absence of such a provision does not remove your rights to seek compensation under common law.",
      "t": "本试验未作出为出现不良反应的试验患者提供金钱补偿的规定，但没有此类规定并不会剥夺您根据普通法要求补偿的权利。",
      "c": 0.97,
      "m": "Combined as they describe compensation policy and legal rights",
      "sl": 96,
      "tl": 95
    }
  ],
  "combined_segments_split": [
    {
      "s": "You are a person responsible for a patient who has a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).",
      "t": "您是一位中度或重度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者的负责人。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "Singapore law allows the patient's spouse, parent, guardian or legal representative to consent to the patient taking part in medical research where the patient is unable to provide consent for himself/herself.",
      "t": "新加坡法律允许患者的配偶、父母、监护人或合法代表在患者无法自行表达同意的情况下同意让患者参加医学研究。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "Accordingly, we are asking for you to consent to the participation of your relative or near friend (the patient) in a research project that is testing a new treatment for TBI.",
      "t": "因此，我们要求您同意您的亲友（患者）参加一项试验 TBI 新疗法的研究项目。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "The new treatment is a medication called erythropoietin.",
      "t": "这种新疗法是一种称为\"促红细胞生成素\"的药物。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 12,
      "tl": 12
    },
    {
      "s": "This Patient Information and Consent Form (Legally Acceptable Representative) tells you about the research project.",
      "t": "本《患者信息及同意书（合法代表）》将告诉您有关该研究项目的情况。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 13,
      "tl": 13
    },
    {
      "s": "It explains the tests and treatments involved.",
      "t": "它阐述了所涉及的试验和治疗。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 13,
      "tl": 13
    },
    {
      "s": "Knowing what is involved will help you decide if the patient should take part in the research.",
      "t": "了解所涉及的内容将帮助您决定患者是否应参加研究。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 13,
      "tl": 13
    },
    {
      "s": "Please read this information carefully.",
      "t": "请仔细阅读本信息文件。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 14,
      "tl": 14
    },
    {
      "s": "Ask questions about anything that you don't understand or want to know more about.",
      "t": "如果您有不明白的地方或想要了解更多详情，请尽管提问。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 14,
      "tl": 14
    },
    {
      "s": "Before deciding whether or not the patient should take part, you might want to talk about it with a relative, friend or your local doctor.",
      "t": "在决定患者是否应参加之前，您可能想要与亲属、朋友或您当地的医生讨论。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 14,
      "tl": 14
    },
    {
      "s": "Participation in this research is voluntary.",
      "t": "本研究为自愿参加。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 15,
      "tl": 15
    },
    {
      "s": "If you don't wish for the patient to take part, they don't have to.",
      "t": "如果您不希望患者参加，则患者不必参加。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 15,
      "tl": 15
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will receive the best possible care whether they take part or not.",
      "t": "不论患者是否参加，都将获得最佳的护理。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 15,
      "tl": 15
    },
    {
      "s": "If you decide that you want the patient to take part in the research project, you will be asked to sign the consent section.",
      "t": "如果您决定让患者参加本研究项目，您将需要签署同意书部分。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 16,
      "tl": 16
    },
    {
      "s": "By signing it you are telling us that you: understand what you have read;",
      "t": "签署同意书即表示您：理解您所阅读的内容；",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 16,
      "tl": 16
    },
    {
      "s": "consent to the patient taking part in the research project;",
      "t": "同意患者参加本研究项目；",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 18,
      "tl": 18
    },
    {
      "s": "consent to the patient having the tests and treatments that are described;",
      "t": "同意患者接受所描述的测试和治疗；",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 19,
      "tl": 19
    },
    {
      "s": "consent to the use of the patient's personal and health information as described.",
      "t": "同意让有关方面依据本文件所述的方式使用患者的个人和健康资料。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 20,
      "tl": 20
    },
    {
      "s": "You will be given a copy of this Patient Information and Consent Form (Legally Acceptable Representative) to keep.",
      "t": "您将接获一份本《患者信息及同意书（合法代表）》的副本，以供保存。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 21,
      "tl": 21
    },
    {
      "s": "What is the purpose of this research?",
      "t": "本研究的目的是什么？",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 22,
      "tl": 22
    },
    {
      "s": "Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is usually caused by a blow to the head such as in a car accident or in a fall.",
      "t": "创伤性脑损伤（TBI）通常由头部受击（例如在交通事故或跌倒时）引起。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "Many people who have a TBI do not survive or, if they do, suffer from long-term disability.",
      "t": "许多遭受 TBI 的人无法存活，即便幸存下来，也会导致长期残疾。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "Previous studies have shown that about 1,000 people in and suffer a moderate or severe TBI every year.",
      "t": "以往的研究表明，澳洲和纽西兰每年约有 1,000人 罹患中度或重度 TBI。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "With current best available treatment and therapies many of these patients have loss of brain function.",
      "t": "即使采用目前最好的治疗和疗法，许多此类患者仍会丧失脑功能。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "This can result in varying degrees of long term disability.",
      "t": "这可能导致不同程度的长期残疾。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 23,
      "tl": 23
    },
    {
      "s": "When a patient sustains a traumatic brain injury there are two stages to the injury.",
      "t": "当患者遭受创伤性脑损伤时，损伤会经历两个阶段。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "The initial impact to the head causes immediate damage to the brain.",
      "t": "最初的头部撞击会造成脑部立即受损。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "The second stage is the secondary injury phase, and it can evolve over hours or weeks.",
      "t": "第二阶段为继发性损伤阶段，可能在数小时或数周内发生。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "This stage can cause more damage to the brain.",
      "t": "此阶段可能造成脑部进一步受损。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "The treatment of brain injury focuses on trying to minimize the secondary injury and there is much research being done to try to find treatments that will prevent it.",
      "t": "脑损伤的治疗侧重于试图尽可能地减少继发性损伤，大量正在进行的研究都希望找到预防继发性损伤的疗法。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 24,
      "tl": 24
    },
    {
      "s": "Erythropoietin (EPO) has recently been recognised as a drug that may offer some protection to the brain injured by trauma and help reduce the effects of secondary injury.",
      "t": "促红细胞生成素（EPO）最近被确认为一种可能给受创伤的脑部提供某种保护的药物，并有助于减少继发性损伤的影响。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 25,
      "tl": 25
    },
    {
      "s": "The aim of this study is to determine if EPO reduces secondary brain injury and helps patients make a better recovery after traumatic brain injury.",
      "t": "本研究旨在确定 EPO 是否能够减少继发性脑损伤并帮助患者在遭受创伤性脑损伤之后更好地康复。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 26,
      "tl": 26
    },
    {
      "s": "We also plan to monitor the effect of EPO on the rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT - blood clots in the large veins, usually in the legs) in patients with moderate or severe TBI in the intensive care unit (ICU).",
      "t": "我们还计划监测 EPO 对于入住重症监护病房（ICU）的中度或重度 TBI 患者深静脉血栓形成（DVT - 大静脉中的血凝块，常见于腿部）发生率的影响。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 26,
      "tl": 26
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO has been approved for use for other purposes in for some years.",
      "t": "EPO 在澳洲获准用于其他用途已有若干年，",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "It is used for the treatment of anaemia (low blood count) in patients who are on kidney dialysis for a long time, patients who have had a major operation and patients on treatment for cancer.",
      "t": "它被用于治疗长期接受洗肾、动过大手术及接受癌症治疗的患者的贫血症（血细胞计数低）。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "However, it is not approved for use in TBI patients.",
      "t": "不过，它尚未获准用于 TBI 患者。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "Therefore, EPO is an experimental treatment for TBI which means that it must be tested to see if it is an effective treatment for moderate or severe TBI.",
      "t": "因此，EPO 是 TBI 的一种实验性疗法，这意味着必须通过试验来了解它是否能够有效治疗中度或重度 TBI。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 27,
      "tl": 27
    },
    {
      "s": "A large study of ICU patients found that EPO helped trauma patients to survive their injuries.",
      "t": "一项针对 ICU 患者的大型研究发现，EPO有助于创伤患者从其损伤中存活下来。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "It was noted that patients who got high dose EPO had a greater chance of developing a blood clot.",
      "t": "值得注意的是，接获大剂量 EPO 的患者出现血凝块的几率较高。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "However, other studies show that the risk of getting a blood clot can be reduced if EPO is given to patients with a blood count at the low end of normal and a dose of 40,000 units or lower.",
      "t": "然而其他研究表明，如果患者的血细胞计数为正常值的下限并且 EPO 的给药剂量为 40,000 个单位或更低，则可以降低出现血凝块的风险。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "This information has been included in the design of EPO-TBI study.",
      "t": "此信息已纳入 EPO-TBI 研究的设计中。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 28,
      "tl": 28
    },
    {
      "s": "This study is a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.",
      "t": "本研究为双盲、随机化对照试验。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "Patients participating in the trial will receive either EPO (40,000 units) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9% [salty water] that looks like EPO) weekly for up to 3 doses.",
      "t": "参加试验的患者将接获每周一个剂量的 EPO（40,000 个单位）或安慰剂（0.9% 的氯化钠[盐水]，外观近似 EPO），最长三周。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "The study is double-blind because we need to work out whether or not the study drug is effective.",
      "t": "本研究采用双盲法是因为我们需要确定研究药物是否有效。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "To do this we need to be able to compare two groups of people by randomly assigning them to receive either the EPO or placebo.",
      "t": "为此，我们需要通过随机指定两组人群分别接受 EPO 或安慰剂，来对其进行对比。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "Double-blind means that neither you, nor the patient nor the study staff will know what treatment is given to them.",
      "t": "双盲意味着，不论是您、患者还是研究人员都不会知道患者将接获什么疗法。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "A randomised controlled trial means that the study treatment is allocated randomly (by chance, like flipping a coin).",
      "t": "随机化对照试验表示研究疗法将被随机（如同抛硬币般具有偶然性）分配。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "A computer will be used to allocate the patient to one of the two treatments so study staff cannot influence or predict this process.",
      "t": "试验将使用电脑为患者分配两种疗法中的一种，这样研究人员就无法影响或预测此过程。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 29,
      "tl": 29
    },
    {
      "s": "This study is funded by the Australian and Victorian Governments and has been designed by investigators from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group (ANZICS CTG).",
      "t": "本研究由澳洲和维多利亚州政府资助，并由来自澳洲和纽西兰重症监护学会临床试验组（ANZICS CTG）的研究员设计。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 30,
      "tl": 30
    },
    {
      "s": "The study is managed by the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC) at .",
      "t": "本研究由莫纳什大学的澳洲和纽西兰重症监护研究中心（ANZIC-RC）管理。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 30,
      "tl": 30
    },
    {
      "s": "The study will be conducted at hospitals in , New Zealand, , France and and will enrol 606 patients over 3.5 years.",
      "t": "本研究将在澳洲、纽西兰、新加坡、法国及芬兰的医院展开，并将在三年半期间招募 606 名患者。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 31,
      "tl": 31
    },
    {
      "s": "In Singapore, we plan to enrol approximately 30 patients at National Neuroscience Institute / Tan Tock Seng Hospital over a period of 3 years.",
      "t": "在新加坡，我们计划在3年的时间里在国立脑神经医学院/ 陈笃生医院招募大约 30 名患者。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 31,
      "tl": 31
    },
    {
      "s": "What does participation in this research involve?",
      "t": "参加本研究涉及哪些事项？",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 32,
      "tl": 32
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient is eligible for the study because they have received a moderate or severe traumatic head injury.",
      "t": "因为患者受到过中度或重度创伤性头部损伤，所以有资格参加本研究。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 33,
      "tl": 33
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is a woman of child bearing potential a blood sample (10 mls or 2 teaspoons) will be collected to see if they are pregnant if this has not already been performed.",
      "t": "如果患者是具有生育能力的女性，则将采集血样（10 毫升或 2 茶匙）来查看其是否怀孕（若尚未接受过检查）。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 34,
      "tl": 34
    },
    {
      "s": "If you agree for the patient to participate, they will be randomly allocated by a computer to receive a subcutaneous (SC) injection (a small injection under the skin) of either:",
      "t": "如果您同意患者参加，患者将由电脑随机分配，在脑损伤发生之后的 24 小时内以皮下（SC）注射（将小剂量药液注入皮肤下）的方式接获：",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 35,
      "tl": 35
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO 40,000 units (1 ml in volume) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9% (salty water)1 ml in volume) within 24 hrs after the brain injury has occurred.",
      "t": "EPO 40,000 个单位（1 毫升容量）或安慰剂（0.9% 的氯化钠（盐水）1 毫升容量）",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 36,
      "tl": 36
    },
    {
      "s": "Randomization means assigning the patient to one of two groups by chance, like tossing a coin or rolling dice.",
      "t": "随机化意味着患者将被偶然（如同抛硬币或掷骰子般）分配到两组中的一组。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 39,
      "tl": 39
    },
    {
      "s": "The injection is given in the upper arm, thigh or abdomen (tummy).",
      "t": "注射部位为上臂、大腿或腹部（肚子）。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will have a 1 in 2 or 50% chance of receiving EPO.",
      "t": "患者将有二分之一或 50% 的几率接获 EPO。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "The injection will be given again on days 8 and 15 if the patient stays in the ICU over this time.",
      "t": "如果患者在这段时间住在ICU，注射则将在第 8 天和第 15 天再次进行。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is discharged to the general ward no further doses will be given.",
      "t": "如果患者已转到普通病房，则无须给予更多剂量。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 41,
      "tl": 40
    },
    {
      "s": "No additional blood samples will be collected specifically for the study.",
      "t": "本研究将不会专门采集额外的血样。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 42,
      "tl": 41
    },
    {
      "s": "Results from blood samples collected as part of routine daily care while the patient is in the ICU will however be recorded.",
      "t": "不过在患者入住 ICU 期间，作为日常护理的一部分所采集的血样结果将被记录。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 42,
      "tl": 41
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will be closely monitored for blood clots in the legs.",
      "t": "研究人员将密切监测患者的腿部是否出现血凝块。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "Treatments to prevent blood clots from occurring will be started as soon as possible after ICU admission.",
      "t": "住进 ICU 之后将尽快开始预防出现血凝块的治疗。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "Support stockings or compression pads wrapped around the legs will be ordered by the doctor.",
      "t": "医生会要求使用护腿长袜或裹在腿部的压缩垫。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "When bleeding after the injury has settled, blood thinning medication will be commenced.",
      "t": "当损伤之后的出血问题解决后，将开始使用血液稀释药物。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "These treatments described are part of standard care for TBI patients.",
      "t": "上述这些治疗都是 TBI 患者标准护理的一部分。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "An ultrasound scan of the upper legs will be done before or at least within 48 hours after the first dose of study drug has been given.",
      "t": "在接获第一剂研究药物之前或在之后的至少 48 小时内，将进行大腿超声波扫描。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "The ultrasound will be done twice a week whilst the patient is in the ICU so that if any blood clots develop they will be detected early and treated immediately.",
      "t": "在患者入住 ICU 期间，一周将进行两次超声波扫描，以便尽早发现和及时治疗出现的血凝块。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "The ultrasound is a test that is done at the bedside where a small flat scanner (like a computer mouse) is placed on the thigh.",
      "t": "超声波扫描是将一台小型平板扫描仪（如同电脑鼠标）放在大腿上，在床边进行的一种检查。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "A sticky gel is used to assist the scanner to see the leg veins on a computer screen.",
      "t": "检查时会使用粘性凝胶，协助扫描者在电脑屏幕上观察腿部静脉。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 43,
      "tl": 42
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will only receive study drug once a week, for up to 3 doses and the scheduled leg ultrasounds (up to 7 scans) while they are in the ICU.",
      "t": "在患者入住 ICU 期间，一周将只会接获一次研究药物（最多 3 剂）和预定的腿部超声波扫描（最多 7 次）。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "To complete the entire schedule will take 21 days.",
      "t": "完成整个研究计划将需要 21 天的时间。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "If the patient is well enough to be discharged to the ward before 21 days, they may not receive the total schedule of study drug or ultrasounds.",
      "t": "如果患者的健康状况允许其在 21 天之前转到普通病房，则患者便无需接获整个研究计划规定的研究药物或超声波扫描。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "The ICU doctor will monitor the patient for any signs of blood clots, which is part of standard care of the TBI patient.",
      "t": "作为 TBI 患者标准护理的一部分，ICU 医生将监测患者是否有任何血凝块形成的征兆。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 44,
      "tl": 43
    },
    {
      "s": "Information about the patient's injury and management during his/her hospital stay will be collected from his/her medical record.",
      "t": "有关患者在住院期间的损伤和管理的信息，将从其医疗记录中进行收集。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 45,
      "tl": 44
    },
    {
      "s": "Follow up",
      "t": "跟进",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 46,
      "tl": 45
    },
    {
      "s": "A follow up phone interview will be conducted 6 months after the injury by a research member from the hospital to find out how well they have recovered from the brain injury.",
      "t": "来自医院的研究人员将在损伤之后的 6 个月后对患者进行电话跟进，以便了解患者从脑损伤事故中康复的情况。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 47,
      "tl": 46
    },
    {
      "s": "A discussion may also be held with you and the rehabilitation staff involved with the patient's care to help us assess recovery.",
      "t": "研究人员还可能与您和参与患者护理的康复工作人员进行讨论，以帮助我们评估康复情况。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 47,
      "tl": 46
    },
    {
      "s": "The phone interview will take 30 minutes to complete.",
      "t": "电话访谈需要 30 分钟的时间。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 47,
      "tl": 46
    },
    {
      "s": "Once the patient is entered into the study, your contact details will be released to the research member conducting the interview.",
      "t": "一旦患者参加研究，您的联络资料就会被披露给进行访谈的研究人员。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 48,
      "tl": 47
    },
    {
      "s": "You will receive a phone call shortly before 6 months from research staff looking after the patient who will arrange a convenient time for the phone interview.",
      "t": "护理患者的研究人员将在接近 6 个月时打电话联络您，以便安排合适的时间进行电话访谈。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 48,
      "tl": 47
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will not be paid for their participation in this research.",
      "t": "患者不会因参加本研究而获得任何报酬。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 49,
      "tl": 48
    },
    {
      "s": "Kidney function monitoring",
      "t": "肾功能监测",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 50,
      "tl": 49
    },
    {
      "s": "ICU patients with TBI can be at risk of developing kidney damage.",
      "t": "患有 TBI 的 ICU 患者可能会有出现肾功能损害的风险。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "Kidney damage increases the risk of brain swelling which may slow recovery of the brain and increase hospital stay.",
      "t": "肾功能损害会增加脑肿胀的风险，这可能会减缓脑部的康复并延长住院时间。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "EPO has been shown in many experimental studies to protect the kidneys from damage.",
      "t": "许多实验性研究表明，EPO 能够保护肾脏免受损害。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "In addition to the protective effects on the brain, EPO has also been shown to protect the kidneys damaged after an injury.",
      "t": "除了对脑部的保护作用，EPO 还被证实能够在损伤之后保护受损的肾脏。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient will have their kidney function monitored by collecting information about their urine output and blood test results.",
      "t": "患者的肾功能将通过收集有关尿量和验血结果的信息进行监测。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "This is part of standard care in the ICU.",
      "t": "这是 ICU 标准护理的一部分。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 51,
      "tl": 50
    },
    {
      "s": "What are the possible benefits?",
      "t": "可能获得什么益处？",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 52,
      "tl": 51
    },
    {
      "s": "The patient may not receive any benefits from this research but possible benefits may include a better recovery and quality of life for future patients with moderate or severe TBI.",
      "t": "患者可能不会从本研究中受益，但对于未来罹患中度或重度 TBI 的患者而言，可能获得的益处则包括更好地康复和更高的生活素质。",
      "c": 0.95,
      "m": "split from combined segment",
      "sl": 53,
      "tl": 52
    },
    {
      "s": "What are the possible risks?",
      "t": "可能的风险有哪些？",
      "极长内容已截断，完整响应包含超过允许的最大令牌数。请简化您的请求或将其分解为更小的部分。
```